Mechanical hammer.



K. KUTSCHKA.

MECHANICAL HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21. 1916.

WITNESSES TTEM STATES PATENT UFFTTEJE.

KARL KU'ISGHKA, 0F YOUNGSTOWN, OI-ITO.

MECHANICAL I-IAJVLMEB.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, KARL KUTsoI-IKA, a citizen of the United States,residing at Youngstown, in the county of Mahoning and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanical Hammers,of which the following is a specification.

My invention pertains to mechanical or power-driven hammers foroperating drilling, chiseling, riveting and similar reciproeating tools,the object being to produce a device of this character in which the maximum of eificiency may be developed with the minimum strain and wear uponthe different parts.

With these and other objects in view which will be readily apparent asthe nature of the invention is understood, the same consists of thenovel construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafterillus trated, described and claimed.

Figure 1 is a vertical section view through the hammer, and Fig. 2 is across section view on line 2-2 Fig. 1.

Similar reference characters designate the different parts throughoutthe various figures of the drawings.

In the construction of my device I employ a crank-shaft 5 mounted inasuitable housing 1 and driven by any convenient or desired means, thedrawings showing a flexible shaft 7 used for that purpose. Thiscrank-shaft carries the crank disks 38-or arms if desired-which arejoined by the crank-pin 4.

Connected to the inner open end of the housing 1 is the cylinder 2,within which are mounted the piston 6 and the plunger or hammer head 8,and carrying at its outer end the head block 9 to which the operatingtool 10 is secured by any suitable means. The piston 6 is connected withthe crankpin 4 by means of the connecting rod 11 and the wrist pin 13.It is obvious, of course, that various other methods of reciprocatingthe piston within the cylinder might be adopted without departing fromthe spirit of the invention. The opposite end of the piston iscounter-bored, as at 22, and is provided at the open end of thecounter-bore with the valve-seat 23 in which is seated the valve 14carried by the valve-stem 24, which in turn is slidably mounted in thesleeve 25 formed integrally with the bottom of the counter-bore 22. Thevalve head Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 21, 1916.

Patented Dec. 5, 1916. Serial No. 79,661.

14 may be provided with the projection 01' striking head 15 forengagement with the plunger 8. Loosely surrounding the sleeve 25 is thecoil spring 16 with its opposite ends opposed, respectively, against thebottom of the counter-bore 22 and the valve head 14.

The cylinder is provided with air holes or ports 12 near its inner endand similar a1r holes 19 at its outer end adjacent the head block 9, allof which communicate with the atmosphere, and with the longitudinal alrports 20 at its inner end. The piston is also provided with air ports 26through its head and 21 through the shell or wall surrounding thecounter-bore. Ports 21 are so disposed as to communicate withlongitudinal ports 20. If desired, a suitable cushioning substance maybe applied to the inner face of the plunger 8, as at 17, and the outerface may be provided with the striking head 27.

In the operation of my device, as the crank-shaft 5 is rotated thepiston 6 will first be forced outwardly in the cylinder, causing thehead 15 to come in contact with the plunger 8 and driving it out againstthe tool 10. When ports 12 are uncovered by the outward movement of thepiston, air will rush in behind it and will be com pressed in the innerend of the cylinder by the piston on its return or inward movement. Assoon as ports 20 are uncovered by the inward movement of the piston,this compressed air will escape through ports 20 to the space betweenthe piston 6 and the plunger This process of equalization will also befacilitated by passage of air through ports 26 and 21 into ports 20. Assoon as the piston, on 'its second outward movement, covers ports 20, itwill commence to compress the air in the space between it and theplunger 8, which will gradually start the latter on its working movementbefore the striking head 15 comes in contact with it, thus materiallyrelieving the device of the strain and jar ordinarily resulting from thesudden, violent contact of the two elements. When the striking head 15comes in contact with the plunger 8 the valve 14 will open and thecompressed air will pass into the counter-bore 22 and up through ports26 until the pressure equalizes. As the piston travels inwardly again,the valve will close and a partial vacuum will be created be- 8 untilthe pressure is equalized.

tween the piston and the plunger 8, which will permit the atmosphericpressure through ports 19 to drive the plunger 8 back into position toreceive its next working impulse on the return movement of the piston.

It is thought that from the foregoing the construction," operation andadvantages of my improved hammer will be apparent without furthercomment.

I claim;

1. In a mechanical hammer, a cylinder having air ports communicatingwith the atmosphere, and also internal air ports formed in theWallthereof; a piston mounted within said cylinder, said piston having acounter-bore, and a valve seat at the open end of. said counter-bore; avalve seated upon saidlvalve seat; a ram mounted withinfsaid, cylinder;and means for reciprocating said piston.

2. In a mechanical hammer, a cylinder having air ports communicatingwith the atmosphere, and also internal air ports formedin the wallthereof; a piston mounted within saidcylinder, said piston having acounter-bore, anda valve seat at the open end. of said counter-bore, andalso internal air ports; a valve seated, upon said valve seat; a rammounted Within saidcylinder; and means for reciprocating said piston.

3. In a mechanical hammer, a cylinder having air ports communicatingwith the atmosphere, and, also internal air ports formed in the wallthereof; apiston mountedlwithin saidacylinder, said piston having acounter-bore, anda valve seat at the open end of saidcounter-bore,andalso internal airv ports; a valve seated upon said valve seat andprovided with a projection or strikinghead; aram mounted within saidcylinder; and means for reciprocatingsaid piston.

4:, In a mechanical hammer, cylinder having air ports communicating withthe atmosphere, and also air ports establishing communication betweenpoints, respectively. above and below the piston at its most inner pointof travel; a piston mounted within said cylinder, said piston having acounterbore, and a valve seat at the open end of said counter-bore; avalve seated upon said valve seat; a ram mounted within said cylinder;and means for reciprocating said piston.

5. In a mechanical hammer, a cylinder having air ports communicatingwith the atmosphere, and also air ports establishing communicationbetween points, respectively, above and below the piston at its mostinner point or travel; a piston mounted within said cylinder, saidpiston having a counter-bore, and a valve seat at the open end oi? saidcounter bore, and also internal air ports; a valve seated upon saidvalve seat; a ram mounted within said cylinder; and means forreciprocating said piston.

6. In a mechanical hammer, a cylinder having air ports communicatingwith the atmosphere, and also air ports establishing communicationbetween points, respectively, above and below the piston at, its mosti11- ner point of travel; a piston mounted within said cylinder, saidpiston having a counterbore, and a valve seat at the open end of saidcounter-bore, and also internal air ports; a valve seated upon saidvalve seat and provided with a projection or striking head; a rammounted. within said cylinder; and means for .reciprocatingsaid piston.

In testimony whereofI hereunto aiiix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

KARL KUTSCHKA.

Witnesses AGNES A. JOHNSTON, HARRY Gr. EWING.

a lswt his.patent,maabe obtainedjorfive cent ch, y ssin the Commissionerof Patents.

. H 7 Washington, D. C.

